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网络工具(nmcli)

利刃
2023-03-07 / 0 评论 / 0 点赞 / 21 阅读 / 8674 字
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在各大Linux的最新发行版中(Centos 8版本以上),废弃了network服务以及/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts进行管理地址的方式。

在Centos8版本及以上发行版中,可以使用以下两种方式设置IP地址。

IP地址修改

修改配置文件

网卡配置文件位于以下路径:

vi /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/ens160.nmconnection

配置方式如下:

[connection]
id=ens160
uuid=17951fcc-b2e6-3fad-bd25-ab226763637f
type=ethernet
autoconnect-priority=-999
interface-name=ens160
timestamp=1677439993

[ethernet]

[ipv4]
method=manual  #manual为手工 auto为自动获取 disabled为禁用
address1=192.168.3.41/24,192.168.3.1
dns=114.114.114.114;8.8.8.8

[ipv6]
addr-gen-mode=eui64
method=disabled

[proxy]

使地址生效

nmcli c reload
# 重启生效
nmcli con down ens160 && nmcli con up ens160
使用命令设置静态地址
# 设置网卡自启动
nmcli con mod ens160 connection.autoconnect yes

# 设置IP地址
nmcli con mod ens160  ipv4.address "192.168.3.41/24"
# 设置网关地址
nmcli con mod ens160  ipv4.gateway "192.168.3.1"
# 设置dns
nmcli con mod ens160  ipv4.dns 114.114.114.114
# 添加dns
nmcli con mod ens160  +ipv4.dns 8.8.8.8
# 修改IP地址是静态(manual)还是dhcp动态(auto) disabled为禁用
nmcli con mod ens160 ipv4.method manual
# 重启生效
nmcli con down ens160 && nmcli con up ens160

更改网卡名称

在使用Linux的过程中会遇到修改网卡名称的情况,方式如下 :

# 将网卡名称为dhcp的网卡,修改名称为ens160
nmcli con modify dhcp.id ens160
# 重新载入网卡,使网卡生效
nmcli c reload
# 重启
nmcli con down ens160 && nmcli con up ens160
查看网卡名称
[root@k8s-master ~]# nmcli con show
NAME    UUID                                  TYPE      DEVICE 
ens160  e375725e-fdbe-48b1-9c2c-64358d92c16f  ethernet  ens160 

查看网卡信息

[root@k8s-master ~]# nmcli con show ens160
connection.id:                          ens160
connection.uuid:                        e375725e-fdbe-48b1-9c2c-64358d92c16f
connection.stable-id:                   --
connection.type:                        802-3-ethernet
connection.interface-name:              ens160
connection.autoconnect:                 是
connection.autoconnect-priority:        0
connection.autoconnect-retries:         -1 (default)
connection.multi-connect:               0(default)
connection.auth-retries:                -1
connection.timestamp:                   1677419863
connection.read-only:                   否
connection.permissions:                 --
connection.zone:                        --
connection.master:                      --
connection.slave-type:                  --
connection.autoconnect-slaves:          -1(default)
connection.secondaries:                 --
connection.gateway-ping-timeout:        0
connection.metered:                     未知
connection.lldp:                        default
connection.mdns:                        -1(default)
connection.llmnr:                       -1(default)
connection.dns-over-tls:                -1(default)
connection.mptcp-flags:                 0x0(default)
connection.wait-device-timeout:         -1
connection.wait-activation-delay:       -1
802-3-ethernet.port:                    --
802-3-ethernet.speed:                   0
802-3-ethernet.duplex:                  --
802-3-ethernet.auto-negotiate:          否
802-3-ethernet.mac-address:             --
802-3-ethernet.cloned-mac-address:      --
802-3-ethernet.generate-mac-address-mask:--
802-3-ethernet.mac-address-blacklist:   --
802-3-ethernet.mtu:                     自动
802-3-ethernet.s390-subchannels:        --
802-3-ethernet.s390-nettype:            --
802-3-ethernet.s390-options:            --
802-3-ethernet.wake-on-lan:             default
802-3-ethernet.wake-on-lan-password:    --
802-3-ethernet.accept-all-mac-addresses:-1(default)
ipv4.method:                            manual
ipv4.dns:                               114.114.114.114,8.8.8.8
ipv4.dns-search:                        --
ipv4.dns-options:                       --
ipv4.dns-priority:                      0
ipv4.addresses:                         192.168.3.41/24
ipv4.gateway:                           192.168.3.1
ipv4.routes:                            --
ipv4.route-metric:                      -1
ipv4.route-table:                       0 (unspec)
ipv4.routing-rules:                     --
ipv4.ignore-auto-routes:                否
ipv4.ignore-auto-dns:                   否
ipv4.dhcp-client-id:                    --
ipv4.dhcp-iaid:                         --
ipv4.dhcp-timeout:                      0 (default)
ipv4.dhcp-send-hostname:                是
ipv4.dhcp-hostname:                     --
ipv4.dhcp-fqdn:                         --
ipv4.dhcp-hostname-flags:               0x0(none)
ipv4.never-default:                     否
ipv4.may-fail:                          是
ipv4.required-timeout:                  -1 (default)
ipv4.dad-timeout:                       -1 (default)
ipv4.dhcp-vendor-class-identifier:      --
ipv4.link-local:                        0(default)
ipv4.dhcp-reject-servers:               --
ipv6.method:                            disabled
ipv6.dns:                               --
ipv6.dns-search:                        --
ipv6.dns-options:                       --
ipv6.dns-priority:                      0
ipv6.addresses:                         --
ipv6.gateway:                           --
ipv6.routes:                            --
ipv6.route-metric:                      -1
ipv6.route-table:                       0 (unspec)
ipv6.routing-rules:                     --
ipv6.ignore-auto-routes:                否
ipv6.ignore-auto-dns:                   否
ipv6.never-default:                     否
ipv6.may-fail:                          是
ipv6.required-timeout:                  -1 (default)
ipv6.ip6-privacy:                       -1(unknown)
ipv6.addr-gen-mode:                     default
ipv6.ra-timeout:                        0 (default)
ipv6.mtu:                               自动
ipv6.dhcp-duid:                         --
ipv6.dhcp-iaid:                         --
ipv6.dhcp-timeout:                      0 (default)
ipv6.dhcp-send-hostname:                是
ipv6.dhcp-hostname:                     --
ipv6.dhcp-hostname-flags:               0x0(none)
ipv6.token:                             --
proxy.method:                           none
proxy.browser-only:                     否
proxy.pac-url:                          --
proxy.pac-script:                       --
GENERAL.NAME:                           ens160
GENERAL.UUID:                           e375725e-fdbe-48b1-9c2c-64358d92c16f
GENERAL.DEVICES:                        ens160
GENERAL.IP-IFACE:                       ens160
GENERAL.STATE:                          已激活
GENERAL.DEFAULT:                        是
GENERAL.DEFAULT6:                       是
GENERAL.SPEC-OBJECT:                    --
GENERAL.VPN:                            否
GENERAL.DBUS-PATH:                      /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/4
GENERAL.CON-PATH:                       /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Settings/3
GENERAL.ZONE:                           --
GENERAL.MASTER-PATH:                    --
IP4.ADDRESS[1]:                         192.168.3.41/24
IP4.GATEWAY:                            192.168.3.1
IP4.ROUTE[1]:                           dst = 192.168.3.0/24, nh = 0.0.0.0, mt = 100
IP4.ROUTE[2]:                           dst = 0.0.0.0/0, nh = 192.168.3.1, mt = 100
IP4.DNS[1]:                             114.114.114.114
IP4.DNS[2]:                             8.8.8.8
IP6.ADDRESS[1]:                         2408:8215:4b3e:3f80:e020:dcc1:32b5:5b3/64
IP6.ADDRESS[2]:                         fe80::63d2:6af6:8bb2:cf94/64
IP6.GATEWAY:                            fe80::2ea0:42ff:fe20:e61f
IP6.ROUTE[1]:                           dst = 2408:8215:4b3e:3f80:2ca0:4220:e61f:8/128, nh = ::, mt = 100
IP6.ROUTE[2]:                           dst = 2408:8215:4b3e:3f80::/64, nh = ::, mt = 100
IP6.ROUTE[3]:                           dst = fe80::/64, nh = ::, mt = 1024
IP6.ROUTE[4]:                           dst = ::/0, nh = fe80::2ea0:42ff:fe20:e61f, mt = 100
IP6.DNS[1]:                             fe80::2ea0:42ff:fe20:e61f
DHCP6.OPTION[1]:                        dhcp6_name_servers = fe80::2ea0:42ff:fe20:e61f
DHCP6.OPTION[2]:                        ip6_address = 2408:8215:4b3e:3f80:2ca0:4220:e61f:8
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